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Lawsuits
Anti Malwares Cyber Security Cyberfrauds DOJ Georgia Georgian Cyber Security IT department Lawsuits

Georgia Tech Faces DOJ Lawsuit Over Alleged Lapses in Cybersecurity for Defense Contracts

 

Researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technology, who have received over $1 billion in Defense Department contracts, are facing scrutiny for allegedly failing to secure their computers and servers, citing that doing so was too “burdensome.” Since 2013, the Department of Defense has mandated that any contractor handling sensitive data provide “adequate security” on their systems. 

However, at Georgia Tech, laboratory directors reportedly resisted developing a security plan and opposed IT department efforts to implement basic antivirus and anti-malware software. Two IT department employees filed a whistleblower lawsuit, leading the Department of Justice (DOJ) to join the case against the university and the Georgia Tech Research Corporation (GTRC), the nonprofit entity managing government contracts. The lawsuit claims that the Astrolavos Lab at Georgia Tech delayed creating and implementing a security plan, as required by the government contracts. 

When a plan was finally created in 2020, it did not cover all relevant devices, according to the DOJ. Furthermore, the lab, whose mission is to address the security of emerging technologies critical to national security, did not install or update antivirus or anti-malware tools until December 2021. The lab allegedly fabricated compliance reports sent to the Defense Department. The reasons behind these alleged security lapses reportedly stem from campus politics. The DOJ complaint suggests that researchers bringing in substantial government funding were viewed as “star quarterbacks,” using their influence to resist compliance with federal cybersecurity mandates. 

Between 2019 and 2022, GTRC secured more than $1.6 billion in government contracts, with over $423 million in 2022 alone. The whistleblowers, Christopher Craig and Kyle Koza, filed the suit under the False Claims Act, allowing them to receive a portion of any recovered funds. Georgia Tech and GTRC face nine counts, including fraud, breach of contract, negligence, and unjust enrichment, with the DOJ seeking damages to be determined at trial. The DOJ stressed the importance of cybersecurity compliance by government contractors to safeguard U.S. information against threats from malicious actors. 

Meanwhile, Georgia Tech expressed disappointment at the DOJ’s filing, arguing it misrepresents the university’s culture and integrity, claiming that the government itself had indicated that the research did not require cybersecurity restrictions. Georgia Tech has vowed to dispute the case in court, maintaining that there was no data breach or leak and reaffirming its commitment to cybersecurity and collaboration with federal agencies.  

This case is notable given recent cybersecurity threats faced by major universities, such as the University of Utah and Howard University, where ransomware attacks have resulted in significant financial losses.
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Vulnerabilities and Exploits
Cryoptographic Cyberattacks CyberCrime Cyberfrauds Cybersecurity DMARC Emails Google Locker Vulnerabilities and Exploits

Guarding Against DMARC Evasion: The Google Looker Studio Vulnerability

 


As a free online tool, Google Looker Studio allows users to create reports that can be customized with charts, graphs, and other data points. Once users have prepared their report, they can share it with anyone they desire. 

It appears that based on our observations, threat actors are using Google Looker Studio to create fake cryptographic pages which are sent to the intended victims in email attachments that are sent from the legitimate tool itself, as part of the observed attacks. 

Using a Web-based tool, Google Looker Studio can convert documents - such as slideshows, spreadsheets, etc. - into information. It can be done in several different ways, including charting and graphing data into usable visuals. 

Researchers at Check Point have discovered a botnet campaign known as the business email compromise (BEC) campaign that has been operating over the past several weeks. The campaign uses this tool to build crypto-themed pages in an attack that is socially engineered to look like the actual cryptocurrency.

It has been discovered that attackers send emails that appear to come directly from Google, containing links to unverified reports purporting to be useful for cryptocurrency investors, and encouraging them to click on a link to sign in to their accounts to obtain further information about the reports. 

There is a link in the message that leads to the fake report which purports to provide all the information the victim needs on investment strategies that can yield significant returns. This scam solicits the recipient to click on a link provided to them and be taken to a legitimate Google Looker page which displays a Google slideshow which contains instructions on how to receive more cryptocurrencies from the sender. 

A message is displayed to the victim as the user is taken to a login page where a warning has been displayed warning them that unless they log into their account immediately they may lose access to it. Nonetheless, this page has been designed with the intent of stealing the credentials users supply. It is common for cybercriminals to embed the URLs of these websites in their phishing emails, as Looker Studio's reputation for being a legitimate and trustworthy company makes them a good target for email security checks. 

Using Google's letterhead, the phishing emails appear to originate from Google and claim to have been sent by the tech giant itself. They inform the recipient that they have won approximately 0.75 Bitcoins ($19,200) by joining the firm's cryptocurrency insights and trading strategies program, as part of which they had the opportunity to participate. 

Gmail users are encouraged to follow the embedded link to collect their earnings in the e-mail, which otherwise appears to be well-written. It has been found in Check Point's analysis that because the sender's IP address is listed as authorized for a subdomain located at google.com, the attack can pass email authentication checks that prevent spoofing. 

Using Google's authority to bypass email security scans, the attackers were able to bypass the security scans for emails. They employ several techniques such as fooling Sender Policy Frameworks (SPFs), DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIMs), and the Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance (DMARC) frameworks to achieve their end. 

With these tactics, phishing emails can go undetected since they are associated with the legitimate domain "google.com", giving them the appearance of being legitimate. Using cryptographic signatures, DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) verifies the integrity and origin of emails with the use of cryptographic signatures. 

In the domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conformance (DMARC), domain owners can specify specific actions that should be taken when an email message fails an SPF authentication check or a DKIM authentication check. 

A BEC attack has been a popular phishing method for many years due to its simplicity and effectiveness. Threat actors continuously adjust their strategies and incorporate new technologies into their attacks to make them more convincing. 

Check Point researchers recommend that users adopt AI-driven security technologies capable of analysing various phishing indicators to take a proactive approach to combat sophisticated BEC attacks. Cyberattacks such as Business Email Compromise (BEC) are a form of cybercrime whereby threat actors impersonate employees or business partners, so they can steal money, and sensitive data, or gain unauthorised access to corporate networks by impersonating employees or business partners. 

An email sender is verified as authorized by the Sender Policy Framework (SPF), which is a protocol for authenticating emails. Despite the growing number of attacks, attackers are continually growing their skill set and leveraging new technology to create more convincing and creative attacks that will pique the interest of users and incite them to follow along and give up their credentials to attack lures. 

Google Looker Studio is an example of such technology. The researchers of the Check Point company advise that businesses adopt increasingly common artificial intelligence (AI)-powered security technologies to protect themselves against complex BEC attacks by analyzing and identifying numerous phishing indicators that can be used by hackers to conceal their malicious intent. 

The campaign used a legitimate Google app and domain to disguise its malicious intent. A comprehensive security solution must be implemented for organizations to increase their level of security, Fuchs advised, including document- and file-scanning capabilities as well as URL protection systems that conduct thorough scans of websites and emulate webpages for a higher level of protection.
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Vulnerability
Cyber Attacks Cyberfrauds Cybersecurity Hacking Linux Encryptor Ransomwares VMware Vulnerability

ESXi Servers are Targeted by Linux-Based Akira Ransomware

 


As part of a ransomware operation called Akira, VMware ESXi virtual machines have been encrypted using a Linux encryption tool. This is to block access to the virtual machines. The attack comes after the company targeted Windows systems for a couple of months. 

To encrypt VMware ESXi virtual machines in double-extortion attacks against companies worldwide, the Akira ransomware operations use a Linux encryptor to encrypt VMware ESXi virtual machines controlled by VMware. 

There has been a recent expansion of the Akira ransomware and it now targets VMware ESXi virtual machines using a Linux encryptor. It is because of this adaptation that Akira can now attack companies across the globe. 

This ransomware virus, Akira, was found in March 2023. As the most recent addition to the ransomware landscape, it is relatively less well-known. 

In the short time that Akira ransomware has been in operation, it has been confirmed that 45 organizations have been affected. Most of the targets are based in the U.S. Organizations affected range from childcare centers to large financial institutions but all have been affected. 

The threat actors are engaged in double extortion attacks against their victims, demanding several million dollars and stealing data from breached networks, encrypting files, and encrypting the data until they reach the point of demanding payouts.

In addition to asset managers, the gang's blog lists several victims of the gang's crimes. Akira will encrypt the files of an organization after an attack has been launched, appending the name of the encrypted files to the file names. The desktop screen will display a ransom note, explaining in a condescending tone that it is the quickest way back to the state where the company functions normally if you pay the ransom. 

The Development Bank of Southern Africa and London Capital Group are completely aware of the damage they have caused. There are many US-based companies on the gang's black web blog. 

This computer virus, known as Akira, uses double extortion techniques to pressure its victims into paying a ransom. This means that Akira copies the data before encrypting it to make sure the information can not be released, as well as selling the description key, and using these techniques to force a company into paying the ransom. 

In some cases, the ransoms amount to more than a million dollars, while in others it is less. It has focused on professional services, education, manufacturing, and research and development so far.

In sectors as diverse as education and finance, the threat of ransomware has disrupted corporate networks and encrypted stolen data from breached networks. These compromised files are marked with the extension .akira, which signifies compromise. 

It is important to note that, after the Akira ransomware has been activated, many different file extensions and names will become encrypted, as well as renamed files with the .akira extension. There will also be a ransom note titled akira_readme.txt left in each folder on the encrypted device. 

It is possible to customize how Akira works on Linux, which includes specifying the percentage of data that will be encrypted on each file, which allows threat actors to better customize their attacks. The propensity of this version of Akira to skip folders and files that are usually associated with Windows seems to indicate that it has been ported from the Windows version of the game.

Despite Akira's increasing scope, the fact that the threat now faces organizations around the world illustrates the urgency of action. Sadly, ransomware groups are increasingly expanding their operations to include Linux platforms as well. Many of them are leveraging readily available tools to do so due to the trend toward expanding their operations. To maximize their profits, they have turned this strategy into a simple and lucrative one. 

Among the most notable ransomware operations, some of which predominantly target VMware ESXi servers with their ransomware encryptors, include Royal, Black Basta, LockBit, BlackMatter, AvosLocker, HelloKitty, RansomEXX, and Hive. These operations use Linux-based encryption methods. 

Spreads Rapidly, is Widely Popular, and is Unsecured 

During a ransomware attack, servers are popular due to their ability to spread ransomware rapidly. Hackers need only one run to launch the ransomware attack, which means the ransomware attack becomes extremely fast for the first time in history. ESXi servers have gained popularity in the enterprise world, as they are among the most widely used hypervisors on the planet. Lastly, the devices do not have any security solutions installed on them, which leads to a lack of security. CrowdStrike published a report previously that focused on the fact that antivirus software simply isn't supported by the manufacturer. 

During the weekend of February 2-6, ESXi servers were targeted by thousands of attacks taking place simultaneously. The attackers were able to exploit an outdated vulnerability that had existed two years ago. As a result, good cyber security for servers is very important because research can take a long time and is not always easy. A problem that had not yet been exploited massively had been discovered by Mandiant in 2022, but the problem was still unknown.
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ransomware attacks
Babuk Cisco Talos Cyberattacks CyberCriminal Cyberfrauds Cybersecurity malware RA Ransomware ransomware attacks

Babuk is Customized by RA Ransomware Group


 

It has recently been discovered that an actor called the RA Group uses leaked Babuk source code in its attacks. The wrath of the same jas been faced by the companies in the United States and South Korea. Manufacturing, wealth management, insurance providers, and pharmaceuticals are among the compromised industries. 

Cybercriminal gang Babuk continues to cause havoc with the leaked source code it uses to launch cyberattacks against its targets. 

RA Group has been expanding its operations at the rate of 200 stores per month since April 22 as a result of an evaluation conducted by Cisco Talos this week. Several companies have been targeted in the US and South Korea by this threat, particularly in manufacturing, wealth management, insurance coverage, and pharmaceuticals. There have already been a few RA victims since it became prevalent in April. 

Four Companies Have Been Attacked by RA Ransomware

As per Cisco Talos’s research, “RA Group started leaking data on April 22, 2023, and we observed the first batch of victims on April 27, followed by the second batch on April 28, and we noticed more victims on April 29, 2023."

It is imperative to draw your attention to the fact that Babuk ransomware's complete source code was leaked online in September 2021. As a result of its success, several new threat actors have created ransomware by leveraging it to do business with them. Over the past year, 10 different ransomware families have gone down that route - a particular example would be a group of individuals who used it for developing lockers that were designed to work with VMware ESXi hypervisors. 

In addition, there have been others who have modified the code in other ways, using the fact that it is designed to exploit several known vulnerabilities to do so. As an example of this, there are vulnerabilities in Microsoft Exchange, Struts, WordPress, Atlassian Confluence, Oracle WebLogic Server, SolarWinds Orion, Liferay, and other popular web applications. 

In light of the news, it is important to remember that the report from SentinelLabs published last week revealed that there was growing evidence of ransomware groups still targeting ESXi hypervisors and that the disclosure of Babuk source code in September 2021 offered a unique insight into the development operations of a ransomware group that had previously been unavailable to threat actors. 

As part of the monitoring system, victims are also reported on a dark web blog to encourage data leakage on their behalf.

A ransom note published in the report indicates that the gang is ruthless and sells the data after three days, and in that letter, they state that "Your data is encrypted when you read this letter." In addition to copying your data onto our server, you should feel comfortable knowing that no information about you is going to be compromised or made public unless you want it to be, the note stated. Most criminals give victims weeks or months to pay up. 

The Cisco Talos team of security experts on May 15 compiled a timeline of attacks using ransomware families that were derived from the leaked Babuk source code, conducted by different actors. 

Several custom malicious code families have evolved out of the ransomware, discovered in the Babuk data breach. This is according to Timothy Morris, Chief Security Advisor at Tanium. Several software vulnerabilities are exploited by the attacker, including Exchange, Struts, WordPress, Atlassian Confluence, Oracle WebLogic Server, SolarWinds Orion, and Liferay, as well as interfering with backups and deleting volume shadow copies. Morris claims this exploit was discovered last year. 

According to RA Group’s ransom note, victims have only three days left to settle the debt; accordingly, it is using a standard double-extortion model that threatens to leak exfiltrated data if they do not pay up; however, according to the ransom note, victims have just three days remaining to settle their debt. 

Several details in the leak site divulge the identity of the victim, the name of the organization from which the data was obtained, the total size of the data downloaded, and even the official URL of the victim. As Cisco Talos has explained in its analysis of the ransomware group, this is a typical leak site among other ransomware groups of the same type. Nevertheless, RA Group is actively selling the victims' exfiltrated data through their leak site which is hosted on a secured Tor site used for selling the victims' leaked data.   

Several details are disclosed at the leak site, such as the identity of the victim, the name of the organization that provided the data, the size of the data downloaded, and even the official URL of the victim, all of which reveal the identity of the victim. Cisco Talos has explained in its analysis of this ransomware group that this is essentially a typical leak site. This is similar to those used by other ransomware groups. Despite this, the RA Group is currently selling the exfiltrated data of the victims through a leak site. This is hosted on a secure Tor site and has been used to sell the exfiltrated data of the victims.
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Meta
Cyberattacks Cyberfrauds Cybersecurity Data Breach Data Mining FTC Met-Profits Meta

A New FTC Rule Prohibits Data Mining by Minors for Meta-Profits

 


As a result of an investigation by the Federal Trade Commission, Meta's Facebook (NASDAQ: META) was accused of misleading parents about their kids' protection, and the commission proposed tightening existing privacy agreements and preventing profit from minors' personal information. 

A “blanket prohibition” has been proposed by the Federal Trade Commission to prevent Meta’s monetization of children’s data. A report by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) concluded that Facebook's Meta company – previously known as Facebook – failed to comply with a privacy order that had been in place since 2020 by misrepresenting the control that Facebook Messenger gives to users' parents, as well as how their data could be accessed by outside developers. 

The FTC makes several claims, including a failure to comply with the order, a misrepresentation regarding the ability of parents to control who their children communicate with through Messenger Kids, and a misrepresentation regarding the access it provides to certain app developers to private user data. 

It has been 20 years since the FTC began enforcing privacy measures. The most recent order was issued to Meta (then known as Facebook) after the agency reached a $5 billion settlement regarding the Cambridge Analytica scandal in which Meta (then known as Facebook) was involved. As a result of this investigation, the FTC determined that Meta violated a 2012 order concerning user data privacy. According to the FTC, Meta violated COPPA, along with not complying with the 2020 order.

According to the findings of an independent assessor, Facebook's users were at risk as a result of the security gaps. According to the FTC, the company has been asked to address allegations that their Messenger Kids product misled parents into believing that their children could choose who would communicate with them through it.

Several gaps and weaknesses in Facebook's privacy program have been identified by an independent assessor, who based on the FTC report, has identified several gaps and weaknesses. It is also alleged that Facebook's Messenger Kids' parental controls do not ensure that underage users can communicate with only those contacts approved by their adult guardians or parents. In some circumstances, children could communicate in groups through text chats or video calls with unapproved contacts. 

It was specifically said that the FTC found Facebook misled parents about how much control they had over who, and when, their children made contact with in the Messenger Kids application. Furthermore, it was very deceptive about how much access app developers had to users' private information. It breached a privacy agreement signed in 2019. 

There are many changes proposed by the FTC, including prohibiting Facebook from making money from the data it collects on children under 18 years old, including with its virtual reality businesses. In addition, the use of facial recognition technology would be subject to expanded restrictions as well. 

Despite the large drop in Meta shares on Wednesday, they recovered most of their losses and closed at $238.50, down 0.3% from their previous close. More than 98% of the revenue generated by Meta, a company that also owns Instagram, comes from digital ads sponsored by its users by being targeted with their personal information. 

Although Facebook owns some of the biggest social networks in the world, it is at a disadvantage in the battle to capture young people's attention after the video-sharing app TikTok soared in popularity among American teenagers a few years ago. After the FTC confronted Facebook about its alleged failure to protect users' privacy, it issued a couple of orders in 2012 and 2020, resulting in the FTC taking action once more against the social network.

In 2012, it was the first time it had happened. On January 30, 2019, Facebook finally settled allegations that it violated a consent order it signed in 2012 by misrepresenting the amount of control users had over their data. This culminated in the company paying a record $5 billion fine for its violation. It was finalized in 2020 when the order was finalized. 

As part of a separate lawsuit, the FTC was trying to stop Meta from acquiring Within Unlimited, which produces virtual reality content, but it lost the case. Moreover, the agency has petitioned a federal court for an order to mandate Facebook to sell Instagram, which it purchased for $1 billion in 2012, and WhatsApp, which it acquired for $19 billion in 2014. There is a legal case being fought at the moment.
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Ransomware
Cobalt Strike Cyber Attacks Cyberfrauds Cybersecurity Domino IBM malware Ransomware

Domino Backdoor Malware Created by FIN7 and Ex-Conti

 


Members of the now-defunct Conti ransomware gang have been using a new strain of malware developed by threat actors likely affiliated with the FIN7 hacking group. This suggests that the two teams collaborated in the malware development, indicating a cooperative effort. 

In the past month, IBM discovered an innovative malware family known as "Domino," which was developed by ITG14, aka FIN7, one of the most notorious cybercrime groups in the world. A lesser-known information stealer that has been advertised for sale on the dark web since December 2021 is included in Domino, which facilitates further exploitation of compromised systems.

Research by the X-Force team revealed that in May, when the Conti gang was disbanded, Conti threat actors began using Domino. This was about four months after FIN7 started using Domino in October last year.  

The newly discovered Trojan horse, "Domino," has been used by a Trickbot/Contini gang, ITG23, since February 2023, according to X-Force. 

Domino's code overlaps Lizar malware, previously linked to the FIN7 group, which IBM has discovered, according to an IBM research report. There are also similarities between malware families in terms of their functionality, configuration structure, and formats used for handling bots. 

In some recent campaigns, IBM's security researchers reported that Lizar, also known as Tirion and Dice Loader, may have been used instead of Lizar for attacks between March 2020 and late 2022. 

According to IBM researchers, there have been attacks using a malware loader, known as Dave Loader, which was previously used by Conti ransomware and TrickBot members in the fall of 2022. 

In attacks against the Royal and Play ransomware operations carried out by ex-Conti members, it was observed that this loader was deploying Cobalt Strike beacons that used a '206546002' watermark. 

Former members of ITG23 could be behind the recent cyberattacks that are believed to have been carried out using the Dave Loader to inject the Domino Backdoor. 

ITG14, also known as FIN7, is a prolific Russian-speaking cybercriminal syndicate that is known for employing a variety of custom malware to deploy additional payloads to increase their monetization methods and enlarge their distribution channels. 

There is a 64-bit DLL called Domino Backdoor, which will enumerate system information, such as the names and statuses of processes, usernames, and computers, and send that information back to the attacker's Command & Control server, where it can be analyzed. Backdoors receive commands to be executed, and they can also be delivered in the future. 

An observation was made that the backdoor had downloaded an additional loader, Domino Loader, that installed an embedded information-stealer calling itself 'Nemesis Project.' Additionally, it could plant a Cobalt Strike beacon to ensure the backdoor was not identified as a backdoor. 

A Conti loader called "Dave" was used by the threat actors during the campaign to drop FIN7's Domino backdoor on the endpoints. The backdoor was able to gather basic information about the system at hand and send it to a command and control server (C2). 

Upon being hacked, the C2 returned to the compromised system a payload that was encrypted with AES. It was found in many cases that the encrypted payload was another loader with several code similarities to the initial backdoor used by Domino. On the compromised system, either the Cobalt Strike info stealer or the Project Nemesis info stealer was installed by the Domino loader to complete the attack chain. 

The majority of threat actors, especially those who use ransomware to spread malware and gain access to corporate networks, partner with other threat groups to distribute malware. There is now little distinction between malware developers and ransomware gangs as the lines between them have gotten blurry over the years, making it difficult to distinguish between them. 

It was only a matter of time before the lines between TrickBot and BazarBackdoor became blurred as the Conti cybercrime syndicate, based in Rome, assumed control over both sites' development for its exploitation. 

According to Microsoft, a threat actor called DEV-0569 published intrusions committed in November 2022 that incorporated BATLOADER malware for delivering Vidar, and Cobalt Strike ransomware, and the latter eventually enabled the human-operated ransomware attacks that distributed Royal in December 2022. 

As the world of cybersecurity becomes increasingly shady, things are getting a bit murky. The issue of distinguishing malware developers from ransomware gangs is becoming increasingly difficult as time goes by.
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TikTok
Americal Civil Liberties Apple's Store Cyber space Cyberattacks Cyberfrauds FBI Google Play Privacy TikTok

The Montana Legislature Banned TikTok

 


A bill introduced in Montana would prevent apps like TikTok from being listed for download on app stores such as Google Play and Apple's App Store. The bill is forwarded to Republican Governor Gianforte for signature. 

TikTok, owned by Chinese investors, continues to be the target of fierce battles. As part of their efforts to address short-form video apps, Montana lawmakers voted on Friday to ban the most popular app from the state. 

Reuters writes that a bill would prevent applications like TikTok from being listed on apps stores, like Google Play or Apple's App Store in Montana. A 54-43 vote in the Montana House of Representatives approved the bill, SB419. Upon signing the bill, Gianforte will ensure it comes into effect in January. Despite the potential for substantial legal challenges, the legislation may still pass. 

However, there is nothing in the bill that makes it illegal for people who already use the app. This is regardless of the enacted law. The bill's original version forced internet providers to block TikTok. However, that particular language was removed, and it is not part of the amended bill. 

A state government has taken the first step in restricting TikTok in response to perceived security concerns since the legislation was passed. A national ban on TikTok seems to be on the cards after some federal lawmakers have called for an end to the app. 

A bill has been introduced targeting TikTok. It outlines the potential penalties imposed on the company if it violates the law daily. In addition to app stores that violate the law, penalties would also apply. As a result, users who access TikTok as part of their routine will not be penalized for doing so. 

As a result of allegations that TikTok's Chinese owner, ByteDance, places US users' personal information at risk for marketing purposes, the app has come under significant scrutiny from US legislators in recent months. Several congressmen have called for American data sharing with the Chinese government at the federal and state level. Last month, a congressional committee grilled TikTok CEO Shou Zi Chew on the issues widely held by the general public on social media.  

Numerous claims are being made against TikTok, including accusations of data theft, data mining, piracy, and data collection. However, TikTok has repeatedly denied these claims. To gain respect among US legislators, TikTok poured more than $1 billion into establishing a database where American users' data would be archived exclusively on Oracle's servers.

As acknowledged by its champions, the bill's supporters have no practical plans for operationalizing this attempt to censor American voices and therefore have no chance of succeeding. It has also been confirmed by TikTok's spokesperson Brooke Oberwetter that a court will decide whether the bill's constitutionality can stand up in court. Brooke hopes that the government of Montana will continue to abuse the First Amendment to keep TikTok users and creators in Montana from earning a living and protecting their rights under the First Amendment. 

Currently, the bill is being sent to the governor to be signed into law. There is a high probability that Republican governor Greg Gianforte will sign it. In Montana, TikTok has been banned from government devices because he previously banned it. Similar executive orders have been enacted by other states to ban the use of the app on devices and networks owned and operated by the government. 

Data safety concerns, surveillance by the Chinese government, and the involvement of minors in "dangerous activities" resulting from TikTok use were cited in the bill, which included a claim that minors were cooking chicken in NyQuil and climbing milk crates as dangerous activities. Critics of the app say that these activities were part of a set of challenges that had become popular. 

As a result of the links that TikTok's parent company, ByteDance, has with TikTok's parent company, the Chinese government has been widely expressed as having a potential risk of accessing user data from TikTok. 

In addition, they worry that this kind of information could be used by Chinese intelligence agencies or propaganda campaigns for their benefit. It is unclear whether the Chinese government has accessed or used any data related to TikTok's US users to influence them, and there has been no public evidence of this. According to Christopher Wray, Director of the FBI, the FBI does not believe many signs would be at first glance if this were to happen if it did happen. 

To make TikTok safer and more sustainable, the US government has called on its Chinese owners to spin off TikTok. In the context of its Project Texas initiative, TikTok says it can address national security concerns by installing a "firewall" around US users' data covering a wide area of cyberspace. 

Despite the uncertainty surrounding Montana's legislation's future, there is still hope for it. TikTok is a member of an industry group called NetChoice, which also has other technology companies in its membership. The group declared Friday that SB419 violates the US Constitution by trying to punish a person without a trial, or so-called "bills of attainment." 

It has been alleged by other civil society organizations that SB419 violates Montanans' rights to free expression as well as their access to information under the First Amendment. Earlier this week, the American Civil Liberties Union sent a letter to members of state legislatures in which the organization made the argument that government restrictions on freedom of speech must meet a high constitutional standard. 

As a result of SB 419, Montanans would be better off without a platform where they could speak out freely and exchange ideas daily; this would be censorship. 

According to the letter, if this becomes a law, it will set a dangerous precedent that government bodies will hold excessive control over Montanans’ access to the internet. According to Lynn Greenky, a First Amendment scholar and associate professor of Communication Studies at Syracuse University, the legislation also refers to "dangerous content" and "dangerous challenges" to TikTok phrases, raising an immediate "red flag" that will trigger a more thorough review of the bill. 

The bill sponsor, Shelley Vance, did not respond to a request for comment immediately after receiving it. In response to a question about Gianforte's comments, Gianforte's spokesperson failed to respond immediately. If the law is passed, the app ban will be implemented before 2024 begins. Several Congressmen are expressing concerns about the app as security concerns rise due to Chinese owners. As part of the Biden administration's warning issued last month, TikTok's parent company ByteDance, based in China, was told to divest ownership of the service or face a ban by the federal government.
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