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Routers
360 Netlab Amazon C2C CPU vulnerabilities CVE vulnerability Cyberattacks DDOS Attacks DVR IP Address Mirai botnet Routers

The Fodcha DDoS Botnet Hits Over 100 Victims

 

Qihoo 360 researchers have found a rapidly spreading new botnet called Fodcha which is capable of performing over 100 attacks every day. Employing this new malware, the threat actor is attacking routers, DVRs, and servers. The actors were able to infect nearly 62,000 machines with the Fodcha virus in less than a month, as per the researchers. 

360 Netlab reports that the number of unique IP addresses affiliated with the botnet fluctuates, as they are monitoring a 10,000-strong Fodcha army of bots utilizing Chinese IP addresses every day, with the majority of them using China Unicom (59.9%) and China Telecom (59.9%) services (39.4 percent ). 

Researchers alleged that "Based on firsthand data from the security industry with whom we collaborated, the frequency of live bots is more than 56000." "The global infection appears to be quite large, as there are over 10,000 daily active bots (IPs) in China, as well as over 100 DDoS victims are targeted daily." 

The Fodcha infects devices by exploiting n-day vulnerabilities in many devices and employing the Crazyfia brute-force cracking tool. The botnet targets a variety of devices and services, including but not limited to: 

RCE for Android ADB Debug Server 
CVE-2021-22205 on GitLab 
CVE-2021-35394 in the Realtek Jungle SDK 
JAWS Webserver unverified shell command execution on MVPower DVR 
LILIN DVR RCE: LILIN DVR
TOTOLINK Routers: Backdoor TOTOLINK Routers
ZHONE Router: Web RCE ZHONE Router 

After successfully acquiring access to susceptible Internet-exposed devices samples, Fodcha attackers use Crazyfia result data to deploy malware payload. The botnet samples, according to 360 Netlab, target MIPS, MPSL, ARM, x86, and other CPU platforms. 

The botnet used the folded[.]in command-and-control (C2) domain from January 2022 until March 19, when it switched to fridgexperts[.]cc when the cloud vendor took down the essential C2 domain. 

"The switch from v1 to v2 is due to a cloud vendor shutting down the C2 servers corresponding to the v1 version, leaving Fodcha's operators with no alternative but to re-launch v2 and upgrade C2," the researchers reported. "The new C2 is mapped to over a dozen IP addresses and is scattered across different countries, including the United States, Korea, Japan, and India." It also includes more cloud providers, including Amazon, DediPath, DigitalOcean, Linode, and others. 


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Mirai botnet
DDOS Attacks DVR malware Mirai botnet

Newly discovered Mirai Botnet is Exploiting DVR in DDoS Attack

 

On Thursday, cybersecurity experts disclosed details regarding a newly discovered Mirai-inspired botnet called "mirai_ptea". It exploits an undisclosed flaw in a digital video recorder (DVR) provided by KGUARD to propagate and execute a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack.

Netlab 360, a Chinese security company pinned the first investigation into defects on March 23, 2021, before aggressive botnet attempts were detected on June 22, 2021. Since the emergence of the Mirai botnet in 2016, it has been linked to a series of large-scale DDoS attacks. 

In October 2016, users of DNS service provider Dyn in Europe and North America lost access to major Internet platforms and services. Since then, numerous versions of Mirai have sprung up in the field, partly because the source code is available on the internet. Mirai_ptea is no exception. 

According to researchers, the Mirai botnet is a piece of nasty Internet of Things (IoT) malware that compromised 300,000 IoT devices, such as wireless cameras, routers, and digital video recorders. It scans Internet of Things devices and uses default passwords and then adds the passwords into a botnet network, which is then used to launch DDoS attacks on websites and Internet infrastructure.

Cybersecurity researchers have not revealed the whole details regarding the security flaw in an attempt to prevent further exploitation, but the researchers said the KGUARD DVR firmware had vulnerable code prior to 2017 that enabled remote execution of system commands without authentication. At least approximately 3,000 devices published online are vulnerable to this flaw.

In addition to using Tor Proxy to link with the Command and Control (C2) server, analysis of the mirai_ptea sample disclosed extensive encryption of all sensitive resource information. It is decoded to establish a connection with the C2 server and retrieve attack commands for execution, including launching DDoS attacks. 

"The geographic distribution of bot source IPs is [...] mainly concentrated in the United States, Korea, and Brazil," the researchers stated, with infections reported across Europe, Asia, Australia, North and South America, and parts of Africa. 

In 2017, Paras Jha, 21, of Fanwood, New Jersey; Josiah White, 20, of Washington, Pennsylvania; and Dalton Norman, 21, of Metairie, Louisiana were charged for creating the Mirai IoT botnet. The three admitted conspiracy to violate the Computer Fraud & Abuse Act.
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Zero-day vulnerability
Botnets CCTV cameras DVR Internet of Things LILIN malware Security Zero-day vulnerability

Three Botnets Abuse Zero-Day Vulnerabilities in LILIN's DVRs!


Not of late, LILIN recorders were found to be vulnerable. Reportedly, botnet operators were behind the zero-day vulnerabilities that were exploited in the Digital Video Recorders (DVRs ) that the vendor is well known for.

Sources mention that the exploitation of the zero-day vulnerabilities had been a continuous thing for almost half a year and the vendor was unaware. Nevertheless, they rolled out a patch in February 2020.

Digital Video Recorders are electronic devices that collect video feeds from local CCTV/IP cameras systems and store them on different mass storage devices like SD cards, USB flash drives, disk drives, etc.

DVRs are a huge deal today given they are a major element for the security cameras that are used almost everywhere in these times.

With CCTV cameras raging, attacks especially designed for them have also risen equally. Malware botnets and other hacker operations have been targeting these widely used DVRs for quite some time now.

Per sources, the non-revised and out of date firmware stands to be the reason for these devices being hacked. Especially, the DVRs with default credentials are exploited to kick off DDoS and other IoT attacks.
Sources mention that security researchers found LILIN’s DVRs too were being exploited for almost half a year, since August last year by three botnets.


The vulnerability in the “NTPUpdate”, sources mention, allows attackers to inject and control the system’s commands. Via one of the ‘hardcoded credentials’ (root/icatch99 & report/8Jg0SR8K50) the attacker stands a chance to retrieve and alter a DVR’s config file, and later control commands on the device after the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) server configuration is regularly matched.

Per sources, the first botnet behind the zero-day vulnerability was the “Chalubo botnet” with a motive of exploiting the NTPUdate of the LILIN DVRs. The other two were employed by the “FBot botnet”

Reportedly, a couple of weeks after the previous attacks of the FBot, the Moobot botnet also tried its luck and succeeded on the second zero-day vulnerability.

There is no knowing as to what the exact motive was behind hacking the LILIN DVRs. Nevertheless, there has been a history of DDoS attacks, re-routing traffic, and proxy networks.

As it happens there are, per sources, over 5,000 LILIN DVRs that exist today thus making it quite a hefty task to update all of them immediately. But it’s a relief to know that the first step has been taken. There’s not much to worry about now given LILIN has released a firmware update along with solutions for mitigation.

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