SL Data Services, a U.S.-based data broker, experienced a massive data breach, exposing 644,869 personal PDF files on the web. The leaked records included sensitive information such as personal details, vehicle records, property ownership documents, background checks, and court records. Alarmingly, the exposed files were not encrypted or password-protected.

Cybersecurity expert Jeremiah Fowler discovered the breach, identifying sample records in the 713.1 GB database. Remarkably, 95% of the documents were labeled as “background checks.”

"This information provides a full profile of these individuals and raises potentially concerning privacy considerations," Fowler stated.

Details of the Leaked Data

The breached documents contained the following sensitive information:

• Residential addresses
• Contact details and emails
• Employment data
• Full names
• Social media accounts
• Family members
• Criminal record history

Fowler confirmed the accuracy of the residential addresses associated with named individuals in the leaked files.

How the Leak Happened

According to Fowler, property reports ordered from SL Data Services were stored in a database accessible via a web portal for customers. The vulnerability arose when a threat actor, knowing the file path, could locate and access these documents.

SL Data Services used a single database for multiple domains without proper segmentation. The only separation was through folders named after the respective websites. After Fowler reported the breach, database access was blocked for a week, but during that time, over 150,000 additional records were exposed. It remains unclear how long the data was publicly accessible or what information was accessed by unauthorized parties.

When Fowler contacted SL Data Services, he was only able to reach call center agents who denied the breach, claiming their systems used SSL and 128-bit encryption. Despite these assurances, the exposed records suggest serious lapses in data security practices.

The Risks of Exposed Data

Fowler warned about the dangers posed by the leaked information:

"The criminals could potentially leverage information about family members, employment, or criminal cases to obtain additional sensitive personal information, financial data, or other privacy threats."

Publicly exposed data allows threat actors to:

• Launch phishing campaigns or social engineering attacks
• Fake identities using stolen information
• Target victims whose data appeared in background check documents

Staying Safe

To protect personal data when working with data brokers, Fowler recommends the following:

1. Research Data Storage Practices
   Understand how the company stores and secures sensitive data.
2. Conduct Vulnerability Scans
   Ensure the broker performs regular scans to detect potential security issues.
3. Request Penetration Testing
   Verify whether the company tests its systems to prevent unauthorized access.

Conclusion

This breach underscores the importance of robust data security practices for companies handling sensitive information. By adopting proactive measures and holding data brokers accountable, both organizations and consumers can mitigate the risks of future breaches.