Cybersecurity researchers are cautioning users against installing certain browser extensions that claim to improve ChatGPT functionality, warning that some of these tools are being used to steal sensitive data and gain unauthorized access to user accounts.
These extensions, primarily found on the Chrome Web Store, present themselves as productivity boosters designed to help users work faster with AI tools. However, recent analysis suggests that a group of these extensions was intentionally created to exploit users rather than assist them.
Researchers identified at least 16 extensions that appear to be connected to a single coordinated operation. Although listed under different names, the extensions share nearly identical technical foundations, visual designs, publishing timelines, and backend infrastructure. This consistency indicates a deliberate campaign rather than isolated security oversights.
As AI-powered browser tools become more common, attackers are increasingly leveraging their popularity. Many malicious extensions imitate legitimate services by using professional branding and familiar descriptions to appear trustworthy. Because these tools are designed to interact deeply with web-based AI platforms, they often request extensive permissions, which exponentially increases the potential impact of abuse.
Unlike conventional malware, these extensions do not install harmful software on a user’s device. Instead, they take advantage of how browser-based authentication works. To operate as advertised, the extensions require access to active ChatGPT sessions and advanced browser privileges. Once installed, they inject hidden scripts into the ChatGPT website that quietly monitor network activity.
When a logged-in user interacts with ChatGPT, the platform sends background requests that include session tokens. These tokens serve as temporary proof that a user is authenticated. The malicious extensions intercept these requests, extract the tokens, and transmit them to external servers controlled by the attackers.
Possession of a valid session token allows attackers to impersonate users without needing passwords or multi-factor authentication. This can grant access to private chat histories and any external services connected to the account, potentially exposing sensitive personal or organizational information. Some extensions were also found to collect additional data, including usage patterns and internal access credentials generated by the extension itself.
Investigators also observed synchronized publishing behavior, shared update schedules, and common server infrastructure across the extensions, reinforcing concerns that they are part of a single, organized effort.
While the total number of installations remains relatively low, estimated at fewer than 1,000 downloads, security experts warn that early-stage campaigns can scale rapidly. As AI-related extensions continue to grow in popularity, similar threats are likely to emerge.
Experts advise users to carefully evaluate browser extensions before installation, pay close attention to permission requests, and remove tools that request broad access without clear justification. Staying cautious is increasingly important as browser-based attacks become more subtle and harder to detect.
A newly identified cyberattack campaign is actively exploiting trust in India’s tax system to infect computers with advanced malware designed for long-term surveillance and data theft. The operation relies on carefully crafted phishing emails that impersonate official tax communications and has been assessed as potentially espionage-driven, though no specific hacking group has been confirmed.
The attack begins with emails that appear to originate from the Income Tax Department of India. These messages typically warn recipients about penalties, compliance issues, or document verification, creating urgency and fear. Victims are instructed to open an attached compressed file, believing it to be an official notice.
Once opened, the attachment initiates a hidden infection process. Although the archive contains several components, only one file is visible to the user. This file is disguised as a legitimate inspection or review document. When executed, it quietly loads a concealed malicious system file that operates without the user’s awareness.
This hidden component performs checks to ensure it is not being examined by security analysts and then connects to an external server to download additional malicious code. The next stage exploits a Windows system mechanism to gain administrative privileges without triggering standard security prompts, allowing the attackers deeper control over the system.
To further avoid detection, the malware alters how it identifies itself within the operating system, making it appear as a normal Windows process. This camouflage helps it blend into everyday system activity.
The attackers then deploy another installer that adapts its behavior based on the victim’s security setup. If a widely used antivirus program is detected, the malware does not shut it down. Instead, it simulates user actions, such as mouse movements, to quietly instruct the antivirus to ignore specific malicious files. This allows the attack to proceed while the security software remains active, reducing suspicion.
At the core of the operation is a modified banking-focused malware strain known for targeting organizations across multiple countries. Alongside it, attackers install a legitimate enterprise management tool originally designed for system administration. In this campaign, the software is misused to remotely control infected machines, monitor user behavior, and manage stolen data centrally.
Supporting files are also deployed to strengthen control. These include automated scripts that change folder permissions, adjust user access rights, clean traces of activity, and enable detailed logging. A coordinating program manages these functions to ensure the attackers maintain persistent access.
Researchers note that the campaign combines deception, privilege escalation, stealth execution, and abuse of trusted software, reflecting a high level of technical sophistication and clear intent to maintain prolonged visibility into compromised systems.
This week surfaced several developments that accentuate how cyber threats continue to affect individuals, corporations, and governments across the globe.
In the United States, federal records indicate that Customs and Border Protection is expanding its use of small surveillance drones, shifting from limited testing to routine deployment. These unmanned systems are expected to significantly widen the agency’s monitoring capabilities, with some operations extending beyond physical U.S. borders. At the same time, Immigration and Customs Enforcement is preparing to roll out a new cybersecurity contract that would increase digital monitoring of its workforce. This move aligns with broader government efforts to tighten internal controls amid growing concerns about leaks and internal opposition.
On the criminal front, a major data extortion case has emerged involving user records linked to PornHub, one of the world’s most visited adult platforms. A hacking group associated with a broader online collective claims to have obtained hundreds of millions of data entries tied to paid users. The stolen material reportedly includes account-linked browsing activity and email addresses. The company has stated that the data appears to originate from a third-party analytics service it previously relied on, meaning the exposed records may be several years old. While sensitive financial credentials were not reported as part of the breach, the attackers have allegedly attempted to pressure the company through extortion demands, raising concerns about how behavioral data can be weaponized even years after collection.
Geopolitical tensions also spilled into cyberspace this week. Venezuela’s state oil firm reported a cyber incident affecting its administrative systems, occurring shortly after U.S. authorities seized an oil tanker carrying Venezuelan crude. Officials in Caracas accused Washington of being behind the intrusion, framing it as part of a broader campaign targeting the country’s energy sector. Although the company said oil production continued, external reporting suggests that internal systems were temporarily disabled and shipping operations were disrupted. The U.S. government has not publicly accepted responsibility, and no independently verified technical evidence has been released.
In enterprise security, Cisco disclosed an actively exploited zero-day vulnerability affecting certain email security products used by organizations worldwide. Researchers confirmed that attackers had been abusing the flaw for weeks before public disclosure. The weakness exists within a specific email filtering feature and can allow unauthorized access under certain configurations. Cisco has not yet issued a patch but has advised customers to disable affected components as a temporary safeguard while remediation efforts continue.
Separately, two employees from cybersecurity firms admitted guilt in a ransomware operation, highlighting insider risk within the security industry itself. Court records show that the individuals used their professional expertise to carry out extortion attacks, including one case that resulted in a seven-figure ransom payment.
Together, these incidents reflect the expanding scope of cyber risk, spanning personal data privacy, national infrastructure, corporate security, and insider threats. Staying informed, verifying claims, and maintaining updated defenses remain essential in an increasingly complex digital environment.
Japanese e-commerce firm Askul Corporation has officially confirmed that a ransomware attack earlier this year led to the unauthorized access and theft of data belonging to nearly 740,000 individuals. The company made the disclosure after completing a detailed investigation into the cyber incident that occurred in October.
Askul operates a large-scale online platform that provides office supplies and logistics services to both corporate clients and individual consumers. The company is part of the Yahoo! Japan corporate group and plays a significant role in Japan’s business-to-business supply chain.
The cyberattack caused serious disruptions to Askul’s internal systems, resulting in an operational shutdown that forced the company to suspend product shipments. This disruption affected a wide range of customers, including major retail partners such as Muji.
Following the conclusion of its internal review, Askul clarified the categories of data that were compromised. According to the company, service-related records of approximately 590,000 business customers were accessed. Data connected to around 132,000 individual customers was also involved. In addition, information related to roughly 15,000 business partners, including outsourcing firms, agents, and suppliers, was exposed. The incident further affected personal data linked to about 2,700 executives and employees, including those from group companies.
Askul stated that it is deliberately limiting the disclosure of specific details related to the stolen data to reduce the risk of further exploitation. The company confirmed that affected customers and business partners will be informed directly through individual notifications.
Regulatory authorities have also been notified. Askul reported the data exposure to Japan’s Personal Information Protection Commission and has implemented long-term monitoring measures to identify and prevent any potential misuse of the compromised information.
System recovery remains ongoing. As of December 15, shipping operations had not fully returned to normal, and the company continues to work toward restoring all affected services.
Responsibility for the attack has been claimed by the ransomware group known as RansomHouse. The group publicly disclosed the breach at the end of October and later released portions of the stolen data in two separate leaks in November and December.
Askul shared limited technical findings regarding how the attackers gained access. The company believes the intrusion began through stolen login credentials associated with an administrator account belonging to an outsourced partner. This account did not have multi-factor authentication enabled, making it easier for attackers to exploit.
After entering the network, the attackers conducted internal reconnaissance, collected additional authentication information, and expanded their access to multiple servers. Askul reported that security defenses, including endpoint detection and response tools, were disabled during the attack. The company also noted that several ransomware variants were deployed, some of which bypassed existing detection mechanisms despite recent updates.
The attack resulted in both data encryption and widespread system failures. The ransomware was executed simultaneously across multiple servers, and backup files were deliberately erased to prevent rapid system recovery.
In response, Askul disconnected affected networks, restricted communication between data centers and logistics facilities, isolated compromised devices, and strengthened endpoint security controls. Multi-factor authentication has since been enforced across critical systems, and all administrator account passwords have been reset.
The financial consequences of the incident have not yet been determined. Askul has postponed its earnings report to allow additional time for a comprehensive assessment of the impact.
Security agencies have issued a new warning about the Akira ransomware group after investigators confirmed that the operators have added Nutanix AHV virtual machines to their list of targets. This represents a significant expansion of the group’s capabilities, which had already included attacks on VMware ESXi and Microsoft Hyper-V environments. The update signals that Akira is no longer limiting itself to conventional endpoints or common hypervisors and is now actively pursuing a wider range of virtual infrastructure used in large organisations.
Although Akira was first known for intrusions affecting small and medium businesses across North America, Europe and Australia, the pattern of attacks has changed noticeably over the last year. Incident reports now show that the group is striking much larger companies, particularly those involved in manufacturing, IT services, healthcare operations, banking and financial services, and food-related industries. This shift suggests a strategic move toward high-value victims where disruptions can cause substantial operational impact and increase the pressure to pay ransom demands.
Analysts observing the group’s behaviour note that Akira has not simply created a few new variants. Instead, it has invested considerable effort into developing ransomware that functions across multiple operating systems, including Windows and Linux, and across several virtualisation platforms. Building such wide-reaching capability requires long-term planning, and researchers interpret this as evidence that the group aims to remain active for an extended period.
How attackers get into networks
Investigations into real-world intrusions show that Akira typically begins by taking advantage of weak points in remote access systems and devices connected to the internet. Many victims used VPN systems that lacked multifactor authentication, making them vulnerable to attackers trying common password combinations or using previously leaked credentials. The group has also exploited publicly known vulnerabilities in networking products from major vendors and in backup platforms that had not been updated with security patches.
In addition to these weaknesses, Akira has used targeted phishing emails, misconfigured Remote Desktop Protocol portals, and exposed SSH interfaces on network routers. In some breaches, compromising a router allowed attackers to tunnel deeper into internal networks and reach critical servers, especially outdated backup systems that had not been maintained.
Once inside, the attackers survey the entire environment. They run commands designed to identify domain controllers and trust relationships between systems, giving them a map of how the network is structured. To avoid being detected, they often use remote-access tools that are normally employed by IT administrators, making their activity harder to differentiate from legitimate work. They also disable security software, create administrator-level user accounts for long-term access, and deploy tools capable of running commands on multiple machines at once.
Data theft and encryption techniques
Akira uses a double-extortion method. The attackers first locate and collect sensitive corporate information, which they compress and transfer out of the network using well-known tools such as FileZilla, WinRAR, WinSCP or RClone. Some investigations show that this data extraction process can be completed in just a few hours. Once the information has been removed, they launch the ransomware encryptor, which uses modern encryption algorithms that are designed to work quickly and efficiently. Over time, the group has changed the file extensions that appear after encryption and has modified the names and placement of ransom notes. The ransomware also removes Windows shadow copies to block easy recovery options.
Why the threat continues to succeed
Cybersecurity experts point out that Akira benefits from long-standing issues that many organisations fail to address. Network appliances, remote access devices, and backup servers often remain unpatched for months, giving attackers opportunities to exploit vulnerabilities that should have been resolved. These overlooked systems create gaps that remain unnoticed until an intrusion is already underway.
How organisations can strengthen defences
While applying patches, enabling multifactor authentication, and keeping offline backups remain essential, the recent wave of incidents shows that more comprehensive measures are necessary. Specialists recommend dividing networks into smaller segments to limit lateral movement, monitoring administrator-level activity closely, and extending security controls to backup systems and virtualisation consoles. Organisations should also conduct complete ransomware readiness exercises that include not only technical recovery procedures but also legal considerations, communication strategies, and preparations for potential data leaks.
Security researchers emphasise that companies must approach defence with the same mindset attackers use to find vulnerabilities. Identifying weaknesses before adversaries exploit them can make the difference between a minor disruption and a large-scale crisis.