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eSIM Connections: Redefining Mobile Service and Flexibility

 


This eSIM management technology will have a significant impact on the IoT, as it represents an evolution from physical SIM cards to virtual SIM cards, which will have the greatest impact on its acceptance. Mobile network operators (MNOs), who are well-positioned to play a key role in facilitating the growth of the exploding IoT market, have established a solid and reliable management solution for embedded subscriber identity modules. 

Furthermore, MNOs can create new and convenient journeys for consumers using mobile devices. The mobile industry is facing a transformative period in the coming years, especially concerning eSIMs, which have been the subject of new research which sheds some light on how eSIMs will be transformed. An eSIM ecosystem offers the same security and protection that a removable SIM card provides. A public key infrastructure (PKI) governed by the GSMA provides secure authentication of entities of the ecosystem. 

The protocols are based on state-of-the-art cryptographic mechanisms and are guaranteed to protect the end user's privacy. There is a GSMA certification process required for manufacturers and providers of eSIM solutions to be admitted into the ecosystem. As a result of the switch from physical SIM cards to eSIM cards, CCS Insight believes that the consumer will have more powerful control over their subscriptions by interacting differently with their network providers. 

There are currently only 150 million people worldwide who use eSIMs, compared to 8.9 billion people who subscribe to mobile phones. This study says, however, that all of this is expected to change by the year 2023, despite a very small share of the global mobile market. The CCS Insight study predicts that, as digital-only network connections become increasingly popular, the number of phones with eSIMs will nearly double, from 27% in 2023 to 56% by 2028, as a result of this growing trend. There are more than 150 million eSIM customers in North America, which accounted for more than half of the adoption curve. 

According to the report, this is the result of Apple's decision to only provide eSIM-enabled devices since the iPhone 14 was introduced in September 2022. Around the world, approximately 800 operators are supporting eSIM devices. Kester Mann, CCS Insight Director of Consumer and Connectivity, made the point that removing that small piece of plastic from your phone will improve your digital customer journey, attract new customers, and have environmental benefits as a result of eliminating that little piece of plastic. In addition to praising the roaming benefits of eSIM cards, the report highlights the ability of customers to sign up for cheaper plans before travelling or while travelling using these devices. 

While this revolution has many advantages, it also has a lot of limitations, which can lead to a lack of education in this field. CCS Insights conducted a survey in which more than 5,000 people across the UK, the US, Germany, Spain and Australia were asked whether they had heard of the eSIM or not. Only four out of ten had heard of it. There is nothing better than being able to offer a convenient and fully digital user experience to consumers. As a result of this, extra target groups can now be acquired by completely new customer acquisition journeys. 

Furthermore, in addition to fostering the development of innovative devices and services, eSIM technology has also played a significant role in the development of more attractive contracts that cover multiple devices. IoT (Internet of Things) is considered one of the fastest-growing sectors of the IoT economy today, and it includes sensors, processors, systems, and platforms used by industries to improve their operational efficiency to compete more effectively. 

IoT devices, including sensor modules, logistics tracking systems, and manufacturing equipment, greatly benefit from mobile connectivity and predominantly utilize eSIMs. Embedded Subscriber Identity Modules (eSIMs) significantly simplify the deployment and lifecycle management of these sensors, enhancing efficiency and effectiveness. The management of eSIMs facilitates new, fully digital user journeys, allowing eSIM profiles to be seamlessly installed on devices with minimal user interaction. This convenience is particularly beneficial for activating consumer IoT devices that lack displays, but it also extends to any eSIM-enabled devices, such as smartphones or tablets. 

The GSMA eSIM Discovery Service enhances this frictionless customer experience both in-store and out-of-store, providing a streamlined and user-friendly process for eSIM activation and management. The integration of eSIM technology in IoT devices not only optimizes the rollout process but also ensures efficient lifecycle management. This advancement underscores the transformative impact of eSIMs in the mobile market, promoting a more connected and streamlined experience for users across various devices and applications. In conclusion, the adoption of eSIM technology is set to revolutionize the mobile industry and the IoT sector. 

With its streamlined deployment, enhanced lifecycle management, and fully digital user journeys, eSIMs are paving the way for a more flexible and efficient mobile experience. As consumer awareness and adoption grow, supported by the robust infrastructure and security provided by MNOs and the GSMA, eSIMs will play a crucial role in shaping the future of mobile connectivity. This evolution promises not only to enhance user convenience but also to drive the development of innovative devices and services, ultimately transforming the digital landscape.

Revolutionizing Connectivity: The Rise of iSIMs in the Mobile Industry

 

The mobile industry is on the verge of a groundbreaking transformation, spearheaded by the advent of integrated SIMs, or iSIMs. According to a new report from Juniper Research, the number of iSIMs in connected devices is expected to soar from 800,000 in 2024 to more than 10 million by 2026. This staggering 1,200% increase is anticipated to be driven by the release of the GSMA's SGP.41/42 specifications by the end of 2025. These specifications aim to standardize and streamline the rollout of iSIM-enabled devices, thereby enhancing their accessibility and adoption. 

An iSIM, also known as an Integrated Universal Integrated Circuit Card (iUICC), represents an evolution of the eSIM (embedded SIM) technology by integrating directly into the device’s processor. This innovation eliminates the need for a separate SIM module, heralding a future where traditional SIM cards are rendered obsolete and networks can preload plans onto devices during the manufacturing process. The GSMA's SGP.41/42 specifications will facilitate In-factory Profile Provisioning (IFPP), allowing iSIM profiles to be uploaded onto devices during production. This capability simplifies the process for both manufacturers and consumers by enabling devices to be shipped with pre-configured cellular connectivity.  

Despite the optimistic forecast, Juniper's report points out that the absence of an industry-wide standard for iSIM technology could pose challenges. Without an official standard, manufacturers might be reluctant to launch iSIM solutions. Elisha Sudlow-Poole, the author of Juniper Research’s report, emphasizes the need for eSIM vendors to develop standard-agnostic platforms that can adapt to various form factors, standards, and use-case requirements. Furthermore, eSIM vendors must cultivate trusted partnerships with manufacturers to ensure the widespread adoption of iSIM connectivity services once they become sought after in the market. 

Juniper's study projects that the number of iSIM connections will surge to 210 million globally by 2028. This growth will be fueled by the adoption of iSIM technology in sectors such as smart energy meters and remote logistics, where there is a demand for power-efficient and compact devices. As these and other industries recognize the advantages of iSIM technology, the mobile industry's landscape will continue to evolve, ushering in a new era of connectivity and convenience. 

The shift to iSIMs represents a significant milestone in the evolution of the mobile industry, promising improved efficiency, security, and user experience. With the expected release of standardized guidelines and the increasing adoption of iSIM technology, the coming years are likely to witness profound changes in how devices connect to networks, ultimately benefiting both consumers and businesses. This transition underscores the mobile industry’s commitment to innovation and its dedication to enhancing connectivity solutions for a rapidly advancing digital world.

eSIM Vulnerabilities: SIM Swappers Exploit Flaws, Hijack Phone Numbers

 


According to a new report, SIM-swapping crimes are rising worldwide, mainly committed by eSIM (Embedded Subscriber Identity Modules) users. eSIMs are digitally stored SIM cards that are embedded using software into devices. As a result, hackers are now attempting to exploit vulnerabilities within this software to brute force their way into victims' phone accounts to port their mobile numbers to their own devices through brute force. 

A study also indicated that bad actors are primarily interested in victims' online banking accounts and other financial services, which explains why embedded Subscriber Identity Modules (eSIMs) function similarly to physical SIM cards. Still, they are digitally stored on mobile device chips and are similar to physical SIM cards. 

By scanning QR codes provided by service providers, these devices can be remotely reprogrammed and can also be activated and deactivated with various functionalities. In addition, according to this report, F.A.C.C.T., a Russian cybersecurity company, notes that SIM swappers are exploiting eSIM systems with a surge in exploitation. 

Criminals can manipulate eSIM functionalities to gain control of phone numbers, allowing them to gain unauthorized access to sensitive accounts by bypassing security measures. As opposed to social engineering and insider assistance, attackers have switched tactics to exploit vulnerabilities in mobile accounts by using stolen credentials instead of social engineering and insider assistance. 

As a result, they can gain control of the victim's phone number by generating QR codes within compromised accounts that are used to facilitate number porting, which is a method of gaining access to their compromised accounts. SIM swappers have previously relied on social engineering or insider assistance from mobile carriers to port the number of a target.

Cybercriminals, however, have turned their attention to emerging opportunities in new technologies as companies have implemented more protections to thwart these takeovers in the past few years. It has now become common for attackers to breach a victim's mobile account using stolen credentials, brute-forced credentials, or leaked credentials and then start porting the victim's number to another device without their help. 

Essentially, hijackers can activate a new eSIM through the hijacked mobile account by generating a QR code through the hijacked mobile account and scanning it with their device. At the same time, the legitimate owner's eSIM/SIM is deactivated, thus hijacking the number. 

Additionally, attackers who port their SIM numbers to their devices gain access to SIM-linked accounts in various messaging apps, which opens up more opportunities for them to scam other people, such as posing as the victim and tricking them into sending money, with additional advantages. 

Researchers recommend that cellular service providers use complex and unique passwords for their accounts and enable two-factor authentication if they can, to protect themselves from eSIM-swapping attacks. There are several reasons why users should consider protecting their more valuable accounts with physical keys or authenticator apps, such as e-banking and cryptocurrency wallets. 

Among the security measures that users may use to mitigate such risks are to create strong passwords, to enable two-factor authentication, and to consider physical keys or authenticator apps as additional security measures. 

Thus, SIM swappers have inadvertently created new avenues for exploitation as a result of the development of eSIM technology. Efforts must be made to protect users' digital assets and personal information from cyber threats as cyber attacks evolve, and users must maintain vigilance by implementing robust security practices.

Google Removes Foreign eSIM Apps Airola and Holafly from PlayStore


Google has removed Airola and Holafly from its PlayStore for Indian users due to their sale of international SIM cards without the necessary authorizations.

The decision came from the department of telecommunications (DoT), which also contacted internet service providers to block access to both the apps’ websites.

Singapore-based Airalo and Spain-based Holafly are providers of eSIMs for a number of countries and regions. eSIMs are digital SIMs that enable users to activate a mobile plan with one’s network provider without using a physical SIM card. 

In India, a company require no objection certificate (NoC) from DoT to sell foreign SIM cards.

Apparently, DoT instructed Apple and Google to remove Holafly and Airalo from their apps because they lacked the necessary authorization or NoC.

The apps are now unavailable in Google PlayStore, however were found on Apple’s AppStore as of January 5.

According to a government source, Apple was in talks to remove the apps.

The apps are still accessible for users in other regions but have been blocked for Google and Apple users in India.

Rules for Selling International SIMs

Organizations that plan on selling SIM cards from other countries must obtain a NOC from the DoT. According to DoT's 2022 policy, these SIM cards provided to Indian customers are solely meant to be used abroad.

The authorized dealers will need to authenticate clients with copies of their passports, visas, and other supporting documentation before they sell or rent these SIMs.

Also, the SIM providers need to provide details of global SIMs to security agencies every month. 

Rules for Selling International SIMs in India/ Users can activate mobile plans using an eSIM in place of a physical SIM card. eSIMs are offered by Holafly and Airalo in a number of nations. Companies who intend to sell international SIM cards in India are required by DoT policy 2022 to obtain a NOC and to sell SIM cards only for use outside of the nation. Authorized merchants are required to use their passport, visa, and other necessary documents to confirm the identity of their consumers. These sellers also have to give security agencies regular updates on foreign SIMs.